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- *usr_09.txt* For Vim version 6.0. Last change: 2001 Sep 03
-
- VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar
-
- Using the GUI
-
-
- Vim works in an ordinary terminal. GVim can do the same things and a few
- more. The GUI offers menus, a toolbar, scrollbars and other items. This
- chapter is about these extra things that the GUI offers.
-
- |09.1| Parts of the GUI
- |09.2| Using the mouse
- |09.3| The clipboard
- |09.4| Select mode
-
- Next chapter: |usr_10.txt| Making big changes
- Previous chapter: |usr_08.txt| Splitting windows
- Table of contents: |usr_toc.txt|
-
- ==============================================================================
- *09.1* Parts of the GUI
-
- You might have an icon on your desktop that starts gVim. Otherwise, one of
- these commands should do it: >
-
- gvim file.txt
- vim -g file.txt
-
- If this doesn't work you don't have a version of Vim with GUI support. You
- will have to install one first.
- Vim will open a window and display "file.txt" in it. What the window looks
- like depends on the version of Vim. It should resemble the following picture
- (for as far as this can be shown in ASCII!).
-
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | file.txt + (~/dir) - VIM X | <- window title
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | File Edit Tools Syntax Buffers Window Help | <- menubar
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj | <- toolbar
- | aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj |
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | file text | ^ |
- | ~ | # |
- | ~ | # | <- scrollbar
- | ~ | # |
- | ~ | # |
- | ~ | # |
- | | V |
- +----------------------------------------------------+
-
- The largest space is occupied by the file text. This shows the file in the
- same way as in a terminal. With some different colors and another font
- perhaps.
-
-
- THE WINDOW TITLE
-
- At the very top is the window title. This is drawn by your window system.
- Vim will set the title to show the name of the current file. First comes the
- name of the file. Then some special characters and the directory of the file
- in parens. These special character can be present:
-
- - The file cannot be modified (e.g., a help file)
- + The file contains changes
- = The file is read-only
- =+ The file is read-only, contains changes anyway
-
- If nothing is shown you have an ordinary, unchanged file.
-
-
- THE MENUBAR
-
- You know how menus work, right? Vim has the usual items, plus a few more.
- Browse them to get an idea of what you can use them for. A relevant submenu
- is Edit/Global Settings. You will find these entries:
-
- Toggle Toolbar make the toolbar appear/disappear
- Toggle Bottom Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the bottom
- Toggle Left Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the left
- Toggle Right Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the right
-
- On most systems you can tear-off the menus. Select the top item of the menu,
- the one that looks like a dashed line. You will get a separate window with
- the items of the menu. It will hang around until you close the window.
-
-
- THE TOOLBAR
-
- This contains icons for the most often used actions. Hopefully the icons are
- self-explanatory. There are tooltips to get an extra hint (move the mouse
- pointer to the icon without clicking and don't move it for a second).
-
- The "Edit/Global Settings/Toggle Toolbar" menu item can be used to make the
- toolbar disappear. If you never want a toolbar, use this command in your
- vimrc file: >
-
- :set guioptions-=T
-
- This removes the 'T' flag from the 'guioptions' option. Other parts of the
- GUI can also be enabled or disabled with this option. See the help for it.
-
-
- THE SCROLLBARS
-
- By default there is one scrollbar on the right. It does the obvious thing.
- When you split the window, each window will get its own scrollbar.
- You can make a horizontal scrollbar appear with the menu item
- Edit/Global Settings/Toggle Bottom Scrollbar. This is useful in diff mode, or
- when the 'wrap' option has been reset (more about that later).
-
- When there are vertically split windows, only the windows on the right side
- will have a scrollbar. However, when you move the cursor to a window on the
- left, it will be this one the that scrollbar controls. This takes a bit of
- time to get used to.
- When you work with vertically split windows, consider adding a scrollbar on
- the left. This can be done with a menu item, or with the 'guioptions' option:
- >
- :set guioptions+=l
-
- This adds the 'l' flag to 'guioptions'.
-
- ==============================================================================
- *09.2* Using the mouse
-
- Standards are wonderful. In Microsoft Windows, you can use the mouse to
- select text in a standard manner. The X Window system also has a standard
- system for using the mouse. Unfortunately, these two standards are not the
- same.
- Fortunately, you can customize Vim. You can make the behavior of the mouse
- work like an X Window system mouse or a Microsoft Windows mouse. The following
- command makes the mouse behave like an X Window mouse: >
-
- :behave xterm
-
- The following command makes the mouse work like a Microsoft Windows mouse: >
-
- :behave mswin
-
- The default behavior of the mouse on UNIX systems is xterm. The default
- behavior on a Microsoft Windows system is selected during the installation
- process. For details about what the two behaviors are, see |:behave|. Here
- follows a summary.
-
-
- XTERM MOUSE BEHAVIOR
-
- Left mouse click position the cursor
- Left mouse drag select text in Visual mode
- Middle mouse click paste text from the clipboard
- Right mouse click extend the selected text until the mouse
- pointer
-
-
- MSWIN MOUSE BEHAVIOR
-
- Left mouse click position the cursor
- Left mouse drag select text in Select mode (see |09.4|)
- Left mouse click, with Shift extend the selected text until the mouse
- pointer
- Middle mouse click paste text from the clipboard
- Right mouse click display a pop-up menu
-
-
- The mouse can be further tuned. Check out these options if you want to change
- the way how the mouse works:
-
- 'mouse' in which mode the mouse is used by Vim
- 'mousemodel' what effect a mouse click has
- 'mousetime' time between clicks for a double-click
- 'mousehide' hide the mouse while typing
- 'selectmode' whether the mouse starts Visual or Select mode
-
- ==============================================================================
- *09.3* The clipboard
-
- In section |04.7| the basic use of the clipboard was explained. There is one
- essential thing to explain about X-windows: There are actually two places to
- exchange text between programs. MS-Windows doesn't have this.
-
- In X-Windows there is the "current selection". This is the text that is
- currently highlighted. In Vim this is the Visual area (this assumes you are
- using the default option settings). You can paste this selection in another
- application without any further action.
- For example, in this text select a few words with the mouse. Vim will
- switch to Visual mode and highlight the text. Now start another gVim, without
- a file name argument, so that it displays an empty window. Click the middle
- mouse button. The selected text will be inserted.
-
- The "current selection" will only remain valid until some other text is
- selected. After doing the paste in the other gVim, now select some characters
- in that window. You will notice that the words that were previously selected
- in the other gVim window are displayed differently. This means that it no
- longer is the current selection.
-
- You don't need to select text with the mouse, using the keyboard commands for
- Visual mode works just as well.
-
-
- THE REAL CLIPBOARD
-
- Now for the other place with which text can be exchanged. We call this the
- "real clipboard", to avoid confusion. Often both the "current selection" and
- the "real clipboard" are called clipboard, you'll have to get used to that.
- To put text on the real clipboard, select a few different words in one of
- the gVims you have running. Then use the Edit/Copy menu entry. Now the text
- has been copied to the real clipboard. You can't see this, unless you have
- some application that shows the clipboard contents (e.g., KDE's klipper).
- Now select the other gVim, position the cursor somewhere and use the
- Edit/Paste menu. You will see the text from the real clipboard is inserted.
-
-
- USING BOTH
-
- This use of both the "current selection" and the "real clipboard" might sound
- a bit confusing. But it is very useful. Let's show this with an example.
- Use one gVim with a text file and perform these actions:
-
- - Select two words in Visual mode.
- - Use the Edit/Copy menu to get these words onto the clipboard.
- - Select one other word in Visual mode.
- - Use the Edit/Paste menu item. What will happen is that the single selected
- word is replaced with the two words from the clipboard.
- - Move the mouse pointer somewhere else and click the middle button. You
- will see that the word you just overwrote with the clipboard is inserted
- here.
-
- If you use the "current selection" and the "real clipboard" with care, you can
- do a lot of useful editing with them.
-
-
- USING THE KEYBOARD
-
- If you don't like using the mouse, you can access the current selection and
- the real clipboard with two registers. The "* register is for the current
- selection.
- To make text become the current selection, use Visual mode. For example,
- to select a whole line just press "V".
- To insert the current selection before the cursor: >
-
- "*P
-
- Notice the uppercase "P". The lowercase "p" puts the text after the cursor.
-
- The "+ register is used for the real clipboard. For example, to copy the text
- from the cursor position until the end of the line to the clipboard: >
-
- "+y$
-
- Remember, "y" is yank, which is Vim's copy command.
- To insert the contents of the real clipboard before the cursor: >
-
- "+P
-
- It's the same as for the current selection, but uses the plus (+) register
- instead of the star (*) register.
-
- ==============================================================================
- *09.4* Select mode
-
- And now something that is used more often on MS-Windows than on X-Windows.
- But both can do it. You already know about Visual mode. Select mode is like
- Visual mode, because it is also used to select text. But there is an obvious
- difference: When typing text, the selected text is deleted and the typed text
- replaces it.
-
- To start working with Select mode, you must first enable it (for MS-Windows
- it is probably already enabled, but you can do this anyway): >
-
- :set selectmode+=mouse
-
- Now use the mouse to select some text. It is highlighted like in Visual mode.
- Now press a letter. The selected text is deleted, and the single letter
- replaces it. You are in Insert mode now, thus you can continue typing.
-
- Since typing normal text causes the selected text to be deleted, you can not
- use the normal movement commands "hjkl", "w", etc. Instead, use the shifted
- function keys. <S-Left> (shifted cursor left key) moves the cursor left. The
- selected text is changed like in Visual mode. The other shifted cursor keys
- do what you expect. <S-End> and <S-Home> also work.
-
- You can tune the way Select mode works with the 'selectmode' option.
-
- ==============================================================================
-
- Next chapter: |usr_10.txt| Making big changes
-
- Copyright: see |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
-